Relidep Range for anxiety depression control
Relidep Range for anxiety and depression control
The Relationship BetweenDepression and Anxiety
"If you're facing terror every day, it's gonna bring Hannibal to his knees"
Jim Ballenger, a leading expert on anxiety
Although depression is often considered to be a "low energy'' state, the opposite is usually true.
Inside, the depressed person often experiences a lot of anxiety. This can lead to them having panic attacks.
Of course, having panic attacks can itself be a depressing thing. Any lack of control within our lives can contribute to depression.
The Link Between Depression and Anxiety
Depression and anxiety disorders are not the same though, although at first glance they seem very similar. Depression generates emotions such as hopelessness, despair and anger. Energy levels are usually very low, and depressed people often feel overwhelmed by the day-to-day tasks and personal relationships so essential to life.
A person with anxiety disorder, however, experiences fear, panic or anxiety in situations where most people would not feel anxious or threatened. The sufferer may experience sudden panic or anxiety attacks without any recognized trigger, and often lives with a constant nagging worry or anxiousness. Without treatment, such disorders can restrict a person’s ability to work, maintain relationships, or even leave the house.
Both anxiety and depression are frequently treated in much the same manner, which may explain why the two disorders are so often confused. Antidepressant medication is often used for anxiety, while behavioral therapy frequently helps people overcome both conditions.
Why Are Depression and Anxiety Linked?
Although no one knows exactly why, a great number of depressions are also accompanied by anxiety. In one study, 85 percent of those with major depression were also diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder while 35 percent had symptoms of a panic disorder. Other anxiety disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because they so often go hand in hand, anxiety and depression are considered the fraternal twins of mood disorders.
Believed to be caused in part by a malfunction of brain chemistry, generalized anxiety is not the normal apprehension that one feels before taking a test or awaiting the outcome of a biopsy. A person with an anxiety disorder suffers from what President Franklin Roosevelt called "fear itself."
For a reason that is only partially known, the brain's fight-or-flight mechanism becomes activated, even when no real threat exists. Being chronically anxious is like being stalked by an imaginary tiger. The feeling of being in danger never goes away.
"Even more than the depression, it was my anxiety and agitation that became the defining symptoms of my illness. Like epileptic seizures, a series of frenzied anxiety attacks would descend upon me without warning. My body was possessed by a chaotic, demonic force which led to my shaking, pacing and violently hitting myself across the chest or in the head. This self-flagellation seemed to provide a physical outlet for my invisible torment, as if I were letting steam out of a pressure cooker."Douglas Bloch, M.A., author of "Healing From Depression"
Being both anxious and depressed is a tremendous challenge. Clinicians have observed that when anxiety occurs "comorbidly" with depression, the symptoms of both the depression and anxiety are more severe compared to when those disorders occur independently. Moreover, the symptoms of the depression take longer to resolve, making the illness more chronic and more resistant to treatment. Finally, depression exacerbated by anxiety has a much higher suicide rate than depression alone. (In one study, 92 percent of depressed patients who had attempted suicide were also plagued by severe anxiety. This where brands like Relidep Plus and Relidep Plus H are useful) Like alcohol and barbiturates, depression and anxiety are a deadly combination when taken together.
Unfortunately, over 60 percent of major depressions are accompanied by varying levels of anxious feelings and behavior. (During his illness, Douglas Bloch says extreme anxiety interfered with his recovery and increased the risk of suicide.)
Here are some techniques that are commonly used to treat mild to severe anxiety.
1. Medications
The medications most often used to treat anxiety are a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines (also called "minor tranquilizers"). These include alprazolam, lorazepam and clonazepam and chlordiazepoxide. The main problem with these substances is their potential for tolerance, physical dependence, and the likely recurrence of panic and anxiety symptoms when the medication is stopped. Hence, they are best used for treating short-term anxiety and panic. Because anxiety is so often associated with depressive disorders, it is essential to treat the underlying depression along with the anxiety disorder. When the depression is healed, symptoms of anxiety often diminish. For some people, the herb Kava provides relief from anxiety without the problem of addiction."
2.Exercise and relaxation techniques
Because anxiety clearly has a physical component (especially when it manifests as a panic attack), techniques for relaxing the body are an important part of the treatment plan. These include abdominal breathing, progressive muscle relaxation (relaxing the body's muscle groups) and biofeedback. You can learn these practices from any mental health professional that teaches relaxation or stress reduction. Regular exercise also has a direct impact on several physiological conditions that underlie anxiety. Exercise reduces skeletal muscle tension, metabolizes excess adrenaline and thyroxin in the bloodstream (chemicals which keep one in a state of arousal) and discharges pent-up frustration and anger.
3.Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a psychotherapy that helps you to alter anxious self-talk and mistaken beliefs that give the body anxiety-producing messages. For example, saying to yourself, "What if I have an anxiety attack when I'm driving home?" will make it more likely that an attack will ensue. Overcoming negative self-talk involves creating positive counterstatements such as "I can feel anxious and still drive," or "I can handle it." What often underlies our negative self-talk is a set of negative beliefs about ourselves and the world. Examples of such mistaken beliefs are, "I am powerless," "Life is dangerous," and "It's not okay to show my feelings." Replacing these beliefs with empowering truths can help to heal the roots of anxiety (see the chart on cognitive distortions at the end of this section).
4.Monitoring diet and nutrition
Stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine can aggravate anxiety and leave one more prone to anxiety and panic attacks. Other dietary factors such as sugar, certain food additives and food sensitivities can make some people feel anxious. Seeing a nutritionally oriented physician or therapist may help you to identify and eliminate possible offending substances from your diet. He or she can also help you to research supplements and herbs (e.g., GABA, kava, B vitamins, chamomile and valerian teas) that are known to calm the nervous system. If you are suffering from a serious anxiety disorder, you may want to locate a clinic in your area that specializes in the treatment of anxiety. Your local hospital or mental health clinic can give you a referral. In addition, you may wish to call (800) 64-PANIC to receive helpful material from the National Institute of Mental Health.
Relidep/ Relidep Plus/ Relidep Plus H and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome[CFS]
Using Antidepressants/anxiolytics to Treat Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
By Charles Lapp, MD,Hunter-Hopkins Center,Duke University
Antidepressants have proven to be useful in treating chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). They can help improve sleep, energy levels and cognitive impairment, and alleviate pain.
It needs to be emphasized that these drugs are helpful not because patients are primarily depressed (although depression may occur as a result of the illness), but because they often have low levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine.
I find that almost all of my patients benefit from treatment with antidepressants. Following is a brief discussion of research on the benefits of antidepressants and the process that I use when deciding which drug to try with a patient.
Review of ResearchA small number of trials have been conducted to assess the possible value of antidepressants for CFS, and for the most part have provided evidence of their usefulness in treating specific symptoms.
A minority of patients in a six-week treatment study of phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), reported significant improvement, although some had to drop out of the trial due to side effects.Trials of moclobemide, another MAOI, with CFS patients have showed significant reductions in fatigue.
Unfortunately, moclobemide is not available in the United States and India.
Nortriptyline[Sensival] a tricyclic antidepressant, was tested in a single-case, double-blind study for CFS. A 60 mg-per day dose significantly reduced CFS symptom scores.
In controlled trials, TCAs have also proven beneficial in the treatment of fibromyalgia (FM), an illness that shares many clinical features with CFS.
Despite encouraging results from earlier case studies, a trial of fluoxetine conducted in the Netherlands with 44 CFS patients with concomitant depression and 52 with CFS but no evidence of depression failed to show significant beneficial effects. The researchers suggested that the fact that even the depressed group failed to improve indicates chemical changes in the brain in CFS that are very dissimilar to depression.
Pain control is another factor that I consider. TCA’s increase levels of norepinephrine in the central nervous system, which will increase the patient's pain threshold. This is why amitriptyline and imipramine are often used to treat FM and CFS. However, while TCA’s have a soporific effect, it reduces deep sleep and in the long run may not be the best choice for patients having trouble sleeping. Venlafaxine is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that may also increase the pain threshold.
Relidep
The reliable antidepressant
Relidep: Amitriptyline 10/25/50/75
Relidep Plus: Amitriptyline 25 mg + Chlordiazepoxide 10 mg
Relidep Plus – H: Amitriptyline 12.5 mg + Chlordiazepoxide 5mg
Amitriptyline
Use:
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant. Depressive illness of psychotic or endogenous nature and in selected patient with neurotic depression. May help alleviate anxiety component of depression.
Outpatient adults: Initially, 25 mg 3 times/day. Depending on tolerance and response, increase to a total of 150 mg/day with increases made preferably in late afternoon and/or bedtime doses.
Hospitalized patients may require 100 mg/day initially, increased gradually to 200 mg/day if necessary. A small number may need up to 300 mg/day.
Adolescent and elderly patients: Lower dosages are recommended for these patients and 50 mg/day given in divided doses or in a single evening or bedtime dose may be satisfactory.
For maintenance, reduce dosage to the lowest amount that maintains relief of symptoms- usually 50-100 mg/day in divided doses, or in suitable patients, in a single dose, preferably at bedtime.
Contraindications:
Not to be given concomitantly with MAOIs; discontinue MAOI therapy at least 14 days before starting amitriptyline and acute recovery phase following MI, acute CHF.
Precautions:
History of seizures, impaired liver function, hepatic damage, blood dyscrasias, urinary retention, constipation, narrow-angle glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure, cardiovascular disorders, hyperthyroidism. Pregnancy, lactation. Not recommended for depressed patients <>Side effects:
Anticholinergic effects (e.g. dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, palpitations, tachycardia, associated sublingual adenitis or gingivitis). Weight loss or gain. Tinnitus, drowsiness, nervousness, insomnia, Hypotension, dizziness, rash sweating, confusion, mania, psychosis, heart block, arrhythmias, extrapyramidal symptoms. Gastric upset. Endocrine effects (e.g. changes in libido, impotence, gynecomastia, galactorrhea). Rarely, bone marrow depression, hepatic toxicity, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, severe cardiovascular effects in patients with cardiac disease, photosensitivity, Dysarthria, stuttering, renal failure. Withdrawal symptoms.
Interactions:
Possible hyperpyretic crisis if given with or within 14 days of MAOI therapy. May enhance the response to alcohol, other CNS depressants and anticholinergics (paralytic ileus). Use cautiously with sympathomimetics. May block the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine or similar agents. Delirium with ethchlorvynol and also with disulfiram. Cimetidine may reduce the hepatic metabolism of some tricyclic antidepressants.
Patient tips:
Caution regarding drowsiness, blurred vision (NB driving). Restrict alcohol intake. Antidepressant activity may take up to 30 days to develop adequately. Photosensitivity.
Chlordiazepoxide
Pharmacology:
Anxiolytic
Chlordiazepoxide possesses sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic and muscle relaxant properties. These effects appear to be mediated through facilitation of the actions of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the CNS. Chlordiazepoxide acts selectively on polysynaptic neuronal pathways and may inhibit or augment transmission, depending on the endogenous function of GABA. It does not produce ganglionic blockade or reduce affective responses at therapeutic dosage as do phenothiazine drugs and reserpine. Amine oxidase inhibition has not been demonstrated with chlordiazepoxide.
Following oral administration, the drug appears in the blood stream in 0.5 to 1 hour; peak blood levels occur in 2 to 4 hours. After i.m. administration effects of the drug appear in 15 to 30 minutes, and following i.v. administration, within 3 to 30 minutes. Following administration of radioactive chlordiazepoxide to rats, distribution of the drug or its metabolites has been shown to be fairly even throughout all body tissues. Chlordiazepoxide readily passes the placental barrier, with the concentration of the drug in the fetal circulation approaching or equaling that in maternal circulation. Chlordiazepoxide has a volume of distribution of 0.3 L/kg and is 96% protein bound. The plasma half-life of a single dose of chlordiazepoxide in healthy subjects has been reported to range from 5 to 30 hours. Pharmacologically active metabolites of chlordiazepoxide include desmethylchlordiazepoxide, demoxepam, desmethyldiazepam and oxazepam. Less than 1% is excreted in the urine unchanged.
Indications:
Symptomatic relief of mild anxiety and tension and for reduction of tension states that may accompany muscle spasm. As an adjunct in tension states associated with insomnia, pre and postoperative apprehension, tension headache, premenstrual tension and stress, and functional gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, gynecological, and dermatological disorders with an emotional overlay. May be useful in the alleviation of alcohol withdrawal syndromes, although drug dependence may result, substituting for alcohol dependence. May also reduce anxiety associated with psychosis, but is not a specific management of psychosis.
Dosage
Optimum dosage varies with diagnosis and patient response; therefore, individual adjustment of dose is important, with minimum effective dose being used.
Oral:
Adults:Usually 10 to 40 mg daily in divided doses. In severe cases, 25 mg 3 or 4 times a day may be given.
Elderly or debilitated patients:5 mg 2 to 4 times daily.
Preoperative apprehension:5 to 10 mg, 3 to 4 times daily on days prior to surgery.
Dosage of Relidep/ Relidep Plus/ Relidep H: as per directions of treating and precsribing physician
For further details, please e-mail
Mr. Mukesh Vankani – General Manager [Marketing and Sales]
Or
Mr. Deepak Shah B. Pharm MBA
The Relationship BetweenDepression and Anxiety
"If you're facing terror every day, it's gonna bring Hannibal to his knees"
Jim Ballenger, a leading expert on anxiety
Although depression is often considered to be a "low energy'' state, the opposite is usually true.
Inside, the depressed person often experiences a lot of anxiety. This can lead to them having panic attacks.
Of course, having panic attacks can itself be a depressing thing. Any lack of control within our lives can contribute to depression.
The Link Between Depression and Anxiety
Depression and anxiety disorders are not the same though, although at first glance they seem very similar. Depression generates emotions such as hopelessness, despair and anger. Energy levels are usually very low, and depressed people often feel overwhelmed by the day-to-day tasks and personal relationships so essential to life.
A person with anxiety disorder, however, experiences fear, panic or anxiety in situations where most people would not feel anxious or threatened. The sufferer may experience sudden panic or anxiety attacks without any recognized trigger, and often lives with a constant nagging worry or anxiousness. Without treatment, such disorders can restrict a person’s ability to work, maintain relationships, or even leave the house.
Both anxiety and depression are frequently treated in much the same manner, which may explain why the two disorders are so often confused. Antidepressant medication is often used for anxiety, while behavioral therapy frequently helps people overcome both conditions.
Why Are Depression and Anxiety Linked?
Although no one knows exactly why, a great number of depressions are also accompanied by anxiety. In one study, 85 percent of those with major depression were also diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder while 35 percent had symptoms of a panic disorder. Other anxiety disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because they so often go hand in hand, anxiety and depression are considered the fraternal twins of mood disorders.
Believed to be caused in part by a malfunction of brain chemistry, generalized anxiety is not the normal apprehension that one feels before taking a test or awaiting the outcome of a biopsy. A person with an anxiety disorder suffers from what President Franklin Roosevelt called "fear itself."
For a reason that is only partially known, the brain's fight-or-flight mechanism becomes activated, even when no real threat exists. Being chronically anxious is like being stalked by an imaginary tiger. The feeling of being in danger never goes away.
"Even more than the depression, it was my anxiety and agitation that became the defining symptoms of my illness. Like epileptic seizures, a series of frenzied anxiety attacks would descend upon me without warning. My body was possessed by a chaotic, demonic force which led to my shaking, pacing and violently hitting myself across the chest or in the head. This self-flagellation seemed to provide a physical outlet for my invisible torment, as if I were letting steam out of a pressure cooker."Douglas Bloch, M.A., author of "Healing From Depression"
Being both anxious and depressed is a tremendous challenge. Clinicians have observed that when anxiety occurs "comorbidly" with depression, the symptoms of both the depression and anxiety are more severe compared to when those disorders occur independently. Moreover, the symptoms of the depression take longer to resolve, making the illness more chronic and more resistant to treatment. Finally, depression exacerbated by anxiety has a much higher suicide rate than depression alone. (In one study, 92 percent of depressed patients who had attempted suicide were also plagued by severe anxiety. This where brands like Relidep Plus and Relidep Plus H are useful) Like alcohol and barbiturates, depression and anxiety are a deadly combination when taken together.
Unfortunately, over 60 percent of major depressions are accompanied by varying levels of anxious feelings and behavior. (During his illness, Douglas Bloch says extreme anxiety interfered with his recovery and increased the risk of suicide.)
Here are some techniques that are commonly used to treat mild to severe anxiety.
1. Medications
The medications most often used to treat anxiety are a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines (also called "minor tranquilizers"). These include alprazolam, lorazepam and clonazepam and chlordiazepoxide. The main problem with these substances is their potential for tolerance, physical dependence, and the likely recurrence of panic and anxiety symptoms when the medication is stopped. Hence, they are best used for treating short-term anxiety and panic. Because anxiety is so often associated with depressive disorders, it is essential to treat the underlying depression along with the anxiety disorder. When the depression is healed, symptoms of anxiety often diminish. For some people, the herb Kava provides relief from anxiety without the problem of addiction."
2.Exercise and relaxation techniques
Because anxiety clearly has a physical component (especially when it manifests as a panic attack), techniques for relaxing the body are an important part of the treatment plan. These include abdominal breathing, progressive muscle relaxation (relaxing the body's muscle groups) and biofeedback. You can learn these practices from any mental health professional that teaches relaxation or stress reduction. Regular exercise also has a direct impact on several physiological conditions that underlie anxiety. Exercise reduces skeletal muscle tension, metabolizes excess adrenaline and thyroxin in the bloodstream (chemicals which keep one in a state of arousal) and discharges pent-up frustration and anger.
3.Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a psychotherapy that helps you to alter anxious self-talk and mistaken beliefs that give the body anxiety-producing messages. For example, saying to yourself, "What if I have an anxiety attack when I'm driving home?" will make it more likely that an attack will ensue. Overcoming negative self-talk involves creating positive counterstatements such as "I can feel anxious and still drive," or "I can handle it." What often underlies our negative self-talk is a set of negative beliefs about ourselves and the world. Examples of such mistaken beliefs are, "I am powerless," "Life is dangerous," and "It's not okay to show my feelings." Replacing these beliefs with empowering truths can help to heal the roots of anxiety (see the chart on cognitive distortions at the end of this section).
4.Monitoring diet and nutrition
Stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine can aggravate anxiety and leave one more prone to anxiety and panic attacks. Other dietary factors such as sugar, certain food additives and food sensitivities can make some people feel anxious. Seeing a nutritionally oriented physician or therapist may help you to identify and eliminate possible offending substances from your diet. He or she can also help you to research supplements and herbs (e.g., GABA, kava, B vitamins, chamomile and valerian teas) that are known to calm the nervous system. If you are suffering from a serious anxiety disorder, you may want to locate a clinic in your area that specializes in the treatment of anxiety. Your local hospital or mental health clinic can give you a referral. In addition, you may wish to call (800) 64-PANIC to receive helpful material from the National Institute of Mental Health.
Relidep/ Relidep Plus/ Relidep Plus H and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome[CFS]
Using Antidepressants/anxiolytics to Treat Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
By Charles Lapp, MD,Hunter-Hopkins Center,Duke University
Antidepressants have proven to be useful in treating chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). They can help improve sleep, energy levels and cognitive impairment, and alleviate pain.
It needs to be emphasized that these drugs are helpful not because patients are primarily depressed (although depression may occur as a result of the illness), but because they often have low levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine.
I find that almost all of my patients benefit from treatment with antidepressants. Following is a brief discussion of research on the benefits of antidepressants and the process that I use when deciding which drug to try with a patient.
Review of ResearchA small number of trials have been conducted to assess the possible value of antidepressants for CFS, and for the most part have provided evidence of their usefulness in treating specific symptoms.
A minority of patients in a six-week treatment study of phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), reported significant improvement, although some had to drop out of the trial due to side effects.Trials of moclobemide, another MAOI, with CFS patients have showed significant reductions in fatigue.
Unfortunately, moclobemide is not available in the United States and India.
Nortriptyline[Sensival] a tricyclic antidepressant, was tested in a single-case, double-blind study for CFS. A 60 mg-per day dose significantly reduced CFS symptom scores.
In controlled trials, TCAs have also proven beneficial in the treatment of fibromyalgia (FM), an illness that shares many clinical features with CFS.
Despite encouraging results from earlier case studies, a trial of fluoxetine conducted in the Netherlands with 44 CFS patients with concomitant depression and 52 with CFS but no evidence of depression failed to show significant beneficial effects. The researchers suggested that the fact that even the depressed group failed to improve indicates chemical changes in the brain in CFS that are very dissimilar to depression.
Pain control is another factor that I consider. TCA’s increase levels of norepinephrine in the central nervous system, which will increase the patient's pain threshold. This is why amitriptyline and imipramine are often used to treat FM and CFS. However, while TCA’s have a soporific effect, it reduces deep sleep and in the long run may not be the best choice for patients having trouble sleeping. Venlafaxine is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that may also increase the pain threshold.
Relidep
The reliable antidepressant
Relidep: Amitriptyline 10/25/50/75
Relidep Plus: Amitriptyline 25 mg + Chlordiazepoxide 10 mg
Relidep Plus – H: Amitriptyline 12.5 mg + Chlordiazepoxide 5mg
Amitriptyline
Use:
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant. Depressive illness of psychotic or endogenous nature and in selected patient with neurotic depression. May help alleviate anxiety component of depression.
Outpatient adults: Initially, 25 mg 3 times/day. Depending on tolerance and response, increase to a total of 150 mg/day with increases made preferably in late afternoon and/or bedtime doses.
Hospitalized patients may require 100 mg/day initially, increased gradually to 200 mg/day if necessary. A small number may need up to 300 mg/day.
Adolescent and elderly patients: Lower dosages are recommended for these patients and 50 mg/day given in divided doses or in a single evening or bedtime dose may be satisfactory.
For maintenance, reduce dosage to the lowest amount that maintains relief of symptoms- usually 50-100 mg/day in divided doses, or in suitable patients, in a single dose, preferably at bedtime.
Contraindications:
Not to be given concomitantly with MAOIs; discontinue MAOI therapy at least 14 days before starting amitriptyline and acute recovery phase following MI, acute CHF.
Precautions:
History of seizures, impaired liver function, hepatic damage, blood dyscrasias, urinary retention, constipation, narrow-angle glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure, cardiovascular disorders, hyperthyroidism. Pregnancy, lactation. Not recommended for depressed patients <>Side effects:
Anticholinergic effects (e.g. dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, palpitations, tachycardia, associated sublingual adenitis or gingivitis). Weight loss or gain. Tinnitus, drowsiness, nervousness, insomnia, Hypotension, dizziness, rash sweating, confusion, mania, psychosis, heart block, arrhythmias, extrapyramidal symptoms. Gastric upset. Endocrine effects (e.g. changes in libido, impotence, gynecomastia, galactorrhea). Rarely, bone marrow depression, hepatic toxicity, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, severe cardiovascular effects in patients with cardiac disease, photosensitivity, Dysarthria, stuttering, renal failure. Withdrawal symptoms.
Interactions:
Possible hyperpyretic crisis if given with or within 14 days of MAOI therapy. May enhance the response to alcohol, other CNS depressants and anticholinergics (paralytic ileus). Use cautiously with sympathomimetics. May block the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine or similar agents. Delirium with ethchlorvynol and also with disulfiram. Cimetidine may reduce the hepatic metabolism of some tricyclic antidepressants.
Patient tips:
Caution regarding drowsiness, blurred vision (NB driving). Restrict alcohol intake. Antidepressant activity may take up to 30 days to develop adequately. Photosensitivity.
Chlordiazepoxide
Pharmacology:
Anxiolytic
Chlordiazepoxide possesses sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic and muscle relaxant properties. These effects appear to be mediated through facilitation of the actions of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the CNS. Chlordiazepoxide acts selectively on polysynaptic neuronal pathways and may inhibit or augment transmission, depending on the endogenous function of GABA. It does not produce ganglionic blockade or reduce affective responses at therapeutic dosage as do phenothiazine drugs and reserpine. Amine oxidase inhibition has not been demonstrated with chlordiazepoxide.
Following oral administration, the drug appears in the blood stream in 0.5 to 1 hour; peak blood levels occur in 2 to 4 hours. After i.m. administration effects of the drug appear in 15 to 30 minutes, and following i.v. administration, within 3 to 30 minutes. Following administration of radioactive chlordiazepoxide to rats, distribution of the drug or its metabolites has been shown to be fairly even throughout all body tissues. Chlordiazepoxide readily passes the placental barrier, with the concentration of the drug in the fetal circulation approaching or equaling that in maternal circulation. Chlordiazepoxide has a volume of distribution of 0.3 L/kg and is 96% protein bound. The plasma half-life of a single dose of chlordiazepoxide in healthy subjects has been reported to range from 5 to 30 hours. Pharmacologically active metabolites of chlordiazepoxide include desmethylchlordiazepoxide, demoxepam, desmethyldiazepam and oxazepam. Less than 1% is excreted in the urine unchanged.
Indications:
Symptomatic relief of mild anxiety and tension and for reduction of tension states that may accompany muscle spasm. As an adjunct in tension states associated with insomnia, pre and postoperative apprehension, tension headache, premenstrual tension and stress, and functional gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, gynecological, and dermatological disorders with an emotional overlay. May be useful in the alleviation of alcohol withdrawal syndromes, although drug dependence may result, substituting for alcohol dependence. May also reduce anxiety associated with psychosis, but is not a specific management of psychosis.
Dosage
Optimum dosage varies with diagnosis and patient response; therefore, individual adjustment of dose is important, with minimum effective dose being used.
Oral:
Adults:Usually 10 to 40 mg daily in divided doses. In severe cases, 25 mg 3 or 4 times a day may be given.
Elderly or debilitated patients:5 mg 2 to 4 times daily.
Preoperative apprehension:5 to 10 mg, 3 to 4 times daily on days prior to surgery.
Dosage of Relidep/ Relidep Plus/ Relidep H: as per directions of treating and precsribing physician
For further details, please e-mail
Mr. Mukesh Vankani – General Manager [Marketing and Sales]
Or
Mr. Deepak Shah B. Pharm MBA
posted by Reliance Formulation Pvt. Ltd. | 11:33 PM
3 Comments:
Anxiety and depression are two mental disorders that apart from being confused very often are also two of the commonest mental illnesses. Technically and medically there are a lot of dissimilarities between them though they seem to be similar on the surface. However, the fact that they are often confused to be the same is because they do have certain similarities. As for example the symptoms are very similar. There are certain similarities in the analogy also like both anxiety and depression can be caused by medicines or medications of other diseases or drug interactions. Antidepressants like http://www.xanax-effects.com/ are prescribed by doctors for both anxiety as well as depression.
The anti-anxiety medicine xanax is wholly capable of facilitating your war against anxiety as it is the most widely recognized medication to treat anxiety disorders, especially generalized anxiety disorders and altogether Xanax can treat a whole lot of anxieties related to panic disorders and depression. Before you move on to administer Xanax and treat your anxiety, get hold of Xanax tidbits from the site http://www.pill-care.com
Anxiety panic attack symptoms are impacting the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. This site discusses the causes of anxiety panic attack symptoms, at what age anxiety panic attack symptoms are most likely to develop, what they are, what is the difference between panic and anxiety, and your chances of success in reducing your anxiety panic attack symptoms for life. http://www.buy-xanax-online-now.com
Post a Comment
<< Home